![]() Then, he measured the on-axis frequency response, to see if there are any SPL variations. The study features 12 different enclosure shapes, with speaker mounted in more than one location for some of the enclosures. To review our cabinet shape options, we can analyse a study, made several decades ago, by Mr. ![]() Diffraction has to be minimized as much as possible, because it has a detrimental effect on the frequency response. ![]() The shape of the cabinet has a major impact on diffraction intensity. This will create multiple dips and peaks in the frequency response, also referred to as ripples. The possibilities are endless for the wavelengths to match the speaker-edge distances in half and full multipliers. These frequencies have corresponding wavelengths. Now imagine how many different frequencies the speaker will play. Imagine how many lines can you draw from the center of the speaker to the edges of the baffle (lines of different lengths). This happens if the distance is 2 wavelengths, 3 wavelengths etc. Which means it will reinforce the original wave, for an up to +3 db. one wavelength of a particular frequency, when it diffracts it will be 360° out of phase with the original wave and that is basically in phase.This also happens if the distance is a wave and a half, 2 waves and a half etc The cancellation is not perfect though, but it will translate into a dip in the frequency response, at that particular frequency. half of wavelength of a particular frequency, when it diffracts, it will be 180° out of phase with the original wave and cancellation will occur.If the distance from the source of sound to the edge of the baffle is : This is important, because each frequency has its own wavelength, and when it will diffract from the edge, it will have different phase relationships with the original wave. The sound is radiated in all directions, so when it reaches the edge of the baffle, it traveled a shorter or a longer distance, depending on which part of the edge it arrived. This wave will have phase mismatches with the original wave, and it will alternately reinforce or diminish it, causing ripples in the frequency response. This pressure difference creates another sound wave, which originates from the edge of the cabinet and moves forward. When the waves reach the edge of the speaker baffle, the pressure drops, because the waves expand from half space to full space. For higher frequencies, which have a short corresponding wavelength, diffraction can and will happen.Įdge diffraction – We can see in this drawn explanation of diffraction, that the speaker is generating sound waves, and the waves are expanding in a hemispherical fashion. So for woofers, diffraction is not much of an issue. If the wavelength is bigger than the size of the obstacle, it passes through it like it’s not even there. Different frequencies have different wavelengths. This happens differently, depending on the frequency of the sound. When this happens, the sound wave is distorted or its direction is modified. This has to do with diffraction from the edges of the cabinet, also known as edge diffraction, which we will discuss in depth.ĭiffraction happens when a sound wave meets an obstacle. A cube would be a worst choice, for example. Make sure if you divide the dimensions of the box between each other (height / width or width / length etc), you don’t get a whole number. The proportions of the box are important as well. However, other solutions like sound deadening material, will work wonders. Making a cabinet more angular, will minimize this drawback. Parallel surfaces encourage standing waves. Lets split the shape of the box into 2 categories : Of course, making sure the you got the right volume for the box is paramount, but taking care of the small details will ensure a great result. They have to make sense in terms of size and visual appeal. It is easier to integrate in your living room as a furniture. Making a rectangular box has the advantage of being easier to build, both for the mass producer and for the hobbyist. Does that mean that the best shape is a rectangle ? Not quite. They are producing rectangular shaped cabinets. ![]() But let’s dive into the subject, by observing what most of the speaker manufacturers are doing. Does speaker box shape matter ? Is baffle design important ?īaffle design and cabinet shape is important for a hi-fi loudspeaker build.
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